The structure of a web project depends on the tech stack you’re using (Java/Spring, Node.js, React, etc.), but in general, most web projects follow a modular structure with separation of concerns.
Here’s a common structure for a full-stack Java-based web project using Servlets or Spring Boot:
🏗️ General Web Project Structure
/my-web-app
│
├── src/ # Source code
│ ├── main/
│ │ ├── java/ # Java source files
│ │ │ └── com/myapp/ # Your package
│ │ │ ├── controller/
│ │ │ ├── service/
│ │ │ ├── repository/
│ │ │ └── model/
│ │ └── resources/
│ │ ├── application.properties
│ │ ├── static/ # Static files (CSS, JS, images)
│ │ └── templates/ # HTML, JSP, Thymeleaf, etc.
│ └── test/ # Unit and integration tests
│
├── pom.xml or build.gradle # Project build configuration
├── README.md # Project documentation
└── .gitignore # Git ignore rules
🧩 Breakdown by Role
✅ controller/
- Contains servlets or controllers (e.g., Spring
@RestController) - Handles HTTP requests and sends responses
✅ service/
- Business logic layer
- Communicates between controller and repository
✅ repository/
- Data access layer
- Talks to database using JDBC, JPA, etc.
✅ model/
- POJOs (Plain Old Java Objects)
- Represents data (like
User,Product, etc.)
✅ static/
- Frontend assets like CSS, JavaScript, images
✅ templates/
- View templates (JSP, Thymeleaf, Freemarker)
✅ application.properties
- Configuration (e.g., port, DB connection)
🌐 Frontend Structure (React, Angular, etc.)
If you’re building the frontend separately, it may look like:
/frontend
├── public/
├── src/
│ ├── components/
│ ├── pages/
│ ├── App.tsx or App.js
│ └── index.tsx or index.js
├── package.json
└── tsconfig.json / babel.config.js
🧪 Test Directories
src/test/java→ Unit & integration tests- Often mirrors your main Java package structure